Health authorities in Tamil Nadu have raised alarm over the sharp rise in dog bite incidents across the state and cautioned that failing to complete the rabies vaccination schedule significantly raises the risk of contracting the deadly virus.
Official records reveal a concerning trend, in 2021, Tamil Nadu saw 3,19,432 dog bite cases resulting in 19 deaths due to rabies. The situation worsened in 2022 with 3,64,435 cases and 28 deaths. By 2023, the number of reported dog bites had climbed to 4,41,804, with 18 fatalities. In the current year alone (2025), over 3.6 lakh people have been bitten, and 22 rabies-related deaths have been reported so far, according to the Department of Public Health and Disease Prevention.
Medical professionals explained that rabies is a viral infection transmitted through the saliva of infected animals, most commonly through bites. The virus attacks the central nervous system, particularly the brain. Symptoms typically appear within three weeks to three months after exposure and include hydrophobia (fear of water), light sensitivity, breathlessness, sensitivity to wind, and memory issues.
Doctors emphasize the importance of quick response following a dog bite. “The first step is to wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. Immediate medical attention and vaccination must follow,” advised Dr. Aysha Shaheen, Director and Superintendent at Royapettah Government Hospital, and Dr. Bhaskaran, Superintendent of Kilpauk Medical College, during an interview.
Anti-Rabies Vaccines (ARV) are available at government medical college hospitals and primary health centers throughout Tamil Nadu. Physicians warn that completing the entire vaccine schedule is crucial for protection. “Skipping doses can leave you vulnerable to the infection,” said Dr. Shaheen.
She also highlighted a recent case from Royapettah Government Hospital. A patient named Nasruddin, who received only the initial dose of the rabies vaccine, failed to return for the remaining doses and tragically died from rabies on 12 September. “There is no cure once symptoms begin. Rabies ultimately results in respiratory failure,” she warned.
Public health officials are urging the public to remain vigilant, follow medical advice after any dog bite, and ensure full completion of the vaccination course to avoid preventable deaths.
(With inputs from ETV Bharat)
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